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  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>TEI: Teaching Issues</title>
        <author>Julia Flanders</author>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>Brown University Women Writers Project</distributor>
        <address>
          <addrLine>Julia_Flanders@Brown.edu</addrLine>
        </address>
        <date value="2007-03-16"/>
        <availability status="free">
          <p>Copyleft 2007 Julia Flanders and the Brown University Women Writers
            Project</p>
        </availability>
	<pubPlace>Stanford Humanities Center</pubPlace>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p>This TEI encoded digital file is the source.</p>
      </sourceDesc>
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  <text>
    <presentation>
      <section>
        <head>Some General Issues</head>
        <slide>
          <p>Text encoding is not simple data entry: it is part of research</p>
          <p>Text encoding is not neutral or objective.</p>
          <p>Text encoding is a strategic representation of the text.</p>
        </slide>
        <lectureNote>
          <p>Central issues of humanities computing: understanding the
            intersection between technology and humanistic/cultural research</p>
          <p>Important to present this not as a simple act of copying, making a
            digital facsimile:<list>
              <item>instead, think of it as part of the intellectual strategy of
                research</item>
              <item>creating research objects that are of value: whether broad
                or specific, advanced or basic</item>
            </list>
          </p>
          <p>Text encoding fits into this as the chief means of creating textual
            representations: reseach objects which are of interest because of
            their textual information <list>
              <item>not simply the letters and words themselves, but also the
                text’s structure and its contents</item>
              <item>text encoding allows the researcher to represent the text in
                complex ways</item>
              <item>and allows the addition of specialized research knowledge as
                well as basic information necessary to elucidate arcane
              texts.</item>
            </list>
          </p>
          <p>So when teaching text encoding, the first thing to do is to be sure
            your audience understands this, and three things in particular:<list>
              <item>that text encoding creates a model of the text: a
                representation that will be used for research purposes</item>
              <item>that text encoding is a strategic act: it exists to serve
                the specific purposes of its user. It is not a neutral or
                objective process</item>
              <item>that text encoding therefore is discipline-specific: it adds
                certain kinds of information and focuses attention on certain
                kinds of information, and it ignores and eliminates other kinds
                of information.</item>
            </list>
          </p>
          <p>These considerations make text encoding more difficult, but also
            more interesting, both to learn and to perform. </p>
          <p>More difficult: <list>
              <item>because it involves complex analysis and decision-making</item>
              <item>because it involves specialized knowledge of the research
                objects and the audience</item>
            </list>
          </p>
          <p>More interesting: <list>
              <item>because its work is directly implicated in the scholarly
                research that will be performed on the text</item>
              <item>and in fact is in some ways inseparable from it.</item>
            </list>
          </p>
          <p>Thus when we teach text encoding, we are also teaching (at a high
            level of abstraction) an intellectual process <list>
              <item>one that resembles consulting: as a teacher, one is not the
                scholar, but one has to work with the scholar and help the
                scholar achieve his or her research aims</item>
              <item>a process for making decisions about how to represent the
                text</item>
              <item>a process for anticipating how the various parts of the
                representation will work together:</item>
              <item>for instance, if we know that we will be representing
                historical place names as part of our encoding, we can also
                anticipate that we may need to link those place names to
                specific geographical locations, which in turn will require that
                we regularize the names and provide information about their
                relationships (what places are parts of what other
              places)</item>
            </list>
          </p>
        </lectureNote>
      </section>
      <sectionGrp>
        <head>Technical Concepts</head>
        <section>
          <head>XML is a meta-language, TEI is a language</head>
          <slide>
            <p>Important because: <list>
                <item>XML means standard software, not standard tags</item>
                <item>Standard tags should be decided by the communities that
                  use them (for instance, TEI)</item>
                <item>Standards for software should be decided more
                broadly</item>
              </list></p>
          </slide>
          <lectureNote>
            <p>This is a test of a <gi>lectureNote</gi> in a different
                <gi>section</gi>; this one is actually in a
              <gi>sectionGrp</gi>. ERASE ME. <?yaps delete?? ?></p>
          </lectureNote>
        </section>
        <section>
          <head>XML is a hierarchical structure</head>
          <slide>
            <p>Important because:<list>
                <item>Some non-hierarchical structures are difficult to
                  represent</item>
                <item>For the TEI student, important to think about where you
                  are in the hierarchy</item>
                <item>The XML hierarchy is not the same as the document
                  hierarchy (though it may be very similar)</item>
              </list></p>
          </slide>
        </section>
        <section>
          <head>Relationship between content, markup, and metadata</head>
          <lectureNote><p>BAD IDEA HERE <?yaps delete me??></p></lectureNote>
          <slide>
            <list>
              <item>Content: the source information</item>
              <item>Markup: a representation of the information structure of the
                electronic document</item>
              <item>Metadata: added information about the source, the electronic
                document, the project...</item>
            </list>
            <p>Important because: <list>
                <item>Need to make strategic decisions about how to encode</item>
                <item>Your choice will depend on your materials and your
                  project's needs</item>
              </list></p>
          </slide>
        </section>
      </sectionGrp>
      <sectionGrp>
        <head>TEI Concepts</head>
        <section>
          <head>Modularity</head>
          <slide>
            <p>TEI is a modular schema: <list>
                <item>Elements for related purposes are grouped into modules</item>
                <item>Modules are (mostly) independent</item>
                <item>You can choose the ones you want, ignore the others</item>
              </list>
            </p>
            <p>Examples:<list>
                <item>Names and dates</item>
                <item>Dictionaries</item>
                <item>Linking</item>
                <item>Drama</item>
                <item>Language corpora</item>
                <item>Transcription of primary sources</item>
              </list></p>
          </slide>
        </section>
        <section>
          <head>Levels of structure</head>
          <slide>
            <p>High-level structural elements:<list>
                <item>
                  <gi>text</gi>
                </item>
                <item>
                  <gi>front</gi>
                </item>
                <item>
                  <gi>body</gi>
                </item>
                <item>
                  <gi>back</gi>
                </item>
              </list></p>
            <p>Mid-level structural elements:<list>
                <item>
                  <gi>p</gi>
                </item>
                <item>
                  <gi>quote</gi>
                </item>
                <item>
                  <gi>note</gi>
                </item>
                <item>
                  <gi>list</gi>
                </item>
                <item>
                  <gi>ab</gi>
                </item>
              </list></p>
            <p>Phrase-level elements:<list>
                <item>
                  <gi>name</gi>
                </item>
                <item>
                  <gi>emph</gi>
                </item>
                <item>
                  <gi>hi</gi>
                </item>
                <item>
                  <gi>date</gi>
                </item>
              </list></p>
            <p>Global elements: <list>
                <item>
                  <gi>pb</gi>
                </item>
                <item>
                  <gi>lb</gi>
                </item>
                <item>
                  <gi>milestone</gi>
                </item>
              </list></p>
          </slide>
        </section>
      </sectionGrp>
      <section>
        <head>Strategic concepts</head>
        <slide>
          <p>Level of detail</p>
          <p>Disciplinary emphasis</p>
          <p>Document analysis</p>
        </slide>
        <lectureNote>
          <p>This is a test of a <gi>lectureNote</gi> in a different
            <gi>section</gi>. ERASE ME. <?yaps delete?? ?></p>
        </lectureNote>
      </section>
    </presentation>
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